Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Beatles formed in November 1956 as a skiffle group called the Quarrymen. John Lennon created the group with friends from Quarry Bank High School in Liverpool before Paul McCartney joined on the 6th of July 1957.
The final lineup consisted of John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr. They began performing together after Ringo Starr replaced Pete Best in mid-August 1962 following a series of sessions at EMI Recording Studios in London.
Internal conflicts over management and creative differences led to the dissolution of the band. The partnership formally ended on the 29th of December 1974 when John Lennon signed paperwork terminating the agreement while vacationing at Walt Disney World Resort Florida.
The Beatles released eleven studio albums that reached number one in the United Kingdom. Abbey Road topped UK charts for seventeen weeks and sold four million copies within three months of its September 1969 release.
The Beatles made their first US trip by departing Heathrow on the 7th of February 1964. Their appearance on the Ed Sullivan Show was watched by approximately 73 million viewers across 23 million households representing 34 percent of the American population.