Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Khana Ratsadon ended over two centuries of absolute monarchy on the 24th of June 1932. This event marked the beginning of a new civilian government that struggled to function against conservative factions.
Thailand received 54,000 square kilometres of Laotian territory west of the Mekong River and most of a Cambodian province by March 1941. The agreement required Thailand to pay six million piastres to France for these territorial gains.
The underground group led by Pridi Banomyong and Seni Pramoj armed more than 50,000 Thais to resist the regime by the end of the war. This movement provided espionage services and performed sabotage activities against Japanese forces.
Pad Thai was introduced to the public when major flooding submerged agricultural areas including rice fields causing serious food shortages in September 1942. The government encouraged citizens to eat noodles instead which became a national dish during this crisis.
Thailand agreed to cede all territories regained during the Japanese occupation in 1946 as the price for joining the United Nations. An Anglo-Thai Peace Treaty was signed on the 1st of January 1946 while an Australian, Thai Peace Treaty followed on the 3rd of April.