Short answers, pulled from the story.
Taoyuan literally means "peach garden" in Chinese. Early settlers from Fujian and Guangdong provinces planted peach trees on the plateau, and when the trees bloomed in spring, residents named the place Toahong, meaning peach orchard.
Taoyuan became a special municipality on the 25th of December 2014, the most recent city in Taiwan to receive that designation. The Executive Yuan approved the upgrade plan in June 2009, and the change elevated it from county status.
China Airlines, Taiwan's government-owned airline, moved its headquarters to the grounds of Taipei Taoyuan International Airport on the 26th of March 2010. EVA Air maintains its headquarters in Luzhu District, and three subsidiaries of the Evergreen Group are also based in Dayuan District.
Taoyuan has more than 785,000 Hakka residents, making it the administrative division with the largest Hakka population in all of Taiwan. Most Hakka people live in southern Taoyuan, in districts such as Zhongli, Pingzhen, Yangmei, Longtan, Guanyin, and Xinwu.
Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport recorded more than 25 million passengers in 2010. It ranks as the fifteenth-busiest air freight hub in the world and thirteenth-busiest airport by international passenger traffic.
Taoyuan hosts factories and headquarters for high-tech firms including Quanta, MiTAC, Inotera, Nanya Technology, HTC, CPT, and AU Optronics. Over 200 of Taiwan's top 500 manufacturing companies have facilities there, and the city has led Taiwan in industrial output for nine consecutive years.