Short answers, pulled from the story.
Guillaume Apollinaire used the word surrealism for the first time in the spring of 1917. He applied this term in program notes for a ballet called Parade featuring music by Erik Satie and a scenario written by Jean Cocteau.
Yvan Goll released his Manifeste du surréalisme on the 1st of October 1924 while André Breton published his own version on the 15th of October 1924. Breton eventually won the battle through tactical superiority and numerical strength to establish himself as the undisputed leader of the movement.
The discovery of techniques like frottage grattage and decalcomania changed André Breton's initial caution regarding visual arts. Max Ernst created automatic drawings in 1924 that reflected the influence of the unconscious mind to mark the break from Dada.
Salvador Dalí made these liquid shapes a trademark in his famous work The Persistence of Memory which features watches that sag as if melting under heat. He joined the group in 1929 and participated in establishing the visual style between 1930 and 1935.
Wolfgang Paalen was the first to leave Paris for the New World as an exile in 1939 when World War II began. André Breton traveled to the United States in 1941 where he co-founded the short-lived magazine VVV with Max Ernst and Marcel Duchamp.