Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Super Bowl ring is an award in the National Football League given to team members of the winning team. These rings are typically made of yellow or rose gold with diamonds and include the team name, logo, and phrase World Champions.
The NFL contributes approximately $5,000-$7,000 per ring for up to 150 rings for the winning team. Any additional costs are borne by the team itself.
Tom Brady holds seven Super Bowl rings as quarterback with six coming from the New England Patriots and one from the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Charles Haley won five rings as a player making him currently second-most after Tom Brady.
The first instance of lesser-valued rings occurred with the Redskins Super Bowl XVII ring. Many front office recipients received rings that were not solid gold containing cubic zirconia stones which resemble diamonds.
The Philadelphia Eagles' ring for Super Bowl LII contains 127 diamonds on the bezel corresponding to jersey numbers of three players who handled the ball during the Philly Special trick play. The Green Bay Packers' Super Bowl XLV ring contained more than 100 diamonds where each represented one championship title dating back to 1929.