Short answers, pulled from the story.
Space is a three-dimensional continuum that serves as the stage upon which the universe performs its drama. It is not merely the empty void between stars but a dynamic entity that can stretch, curve, and ripple.
Isaac Newton used a bucket of water thought experiment to demonstrate that space is an absolute entity. He argued that the curvature of the spinning water proved it was rotating relative to space itself rather than just the bucket.
János Bolyai and Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky independently published their treatises on hyperbolic geometry in the 1830s. Their work established a system where an infinite number of parallel lines could pass through a single point.
The LIGO and Virgo collaborations directly detected gravitational waves on the 14th of September 2015. This observation confirmed Albert Einstein's prediction that spacetime is a dynamic, vibrating entity.
Current models suggest that space was created 13.8 billion years ago in the Big Bang. The universe has been expanding ever since, driven by a mysterious force known as cosmic inflation.
Henri Lefebvre introduced the idea that space is a social product in The Production of Space. He argued that space is produced by the interactions of people, power structures, and economic forces rather than being a passive container.