Short answers, pulled from the story.
Sophocles defeated Aeschylus in a public competition in 468 BC. This victory occurred at the theater of Dionysus and marked the beginning of a fifty-year reign where Sophocles never placed lower than second in thirty competitions.
Sophocles served as a Hellenotamiai treasurer in 443 BC and was elected one of the ten generals in 441 BC. He also acted as a commissioner during the crisis of 411 BC and received the cult image of Asclepius in 420 BC.
Sophocles wrote more than 120 plays in total, but only seven complete tragedies survive today. These surviving works include Ajax, The Women of Trachis, Electra, Philoctetes, Antigone, Oedipus Rex, and Oedipus at Colonus.
Sophocles died in the winter of 406 or 405 BC at the age of ninety or ninety-one. He lived to see both the triumph of the Persian Wars and the bloodletting of the Peloponnesian War.
Sophocles introduced the third actor to Greek theater, which reduced the importance of the chorus. This innovation allowed for greater character development and conflict, transforming the theater from a choral spectacle into a vehicle for complex human drama.