Short answers, pulled from the story.
Shipka Pass is located in the Balkan Mountains of Bulgaria, at an elevation of 1,150 metres. It marks the border between Stara Zagora province and Gabrovo province, and connects the towns of Gabrovo and Kazanlak. The pass is part of the Bulgarka Nature Park.
National road I-5 crosses Shipka Pass. It runs between the Ruse border crossing with Romania in the north and the Makaza border crossing with Greece in the south.
The Battle of Shipka Pass was a series of conflicts fought during the war of 1877 and 1878, between Bulgarian volunteers and the Ottoman Empire. The engagements took place at the mountain pass and are collectively named after the site.
The Shipka Monument was opened in a ceremony in 1934. It was designed by architect Atanas Donkov and sculptor Aleksandar Andreev, with an important influence drawn from the Monument to the Battle of the Nations in Germany.
The Shipka Monument is a 31.5-metre (98-foot) stone tower built in the form of a truncated pyramid. A bronze lion, 8 metres long and 4 metres high, stands above the entrance, and a figure of a woman represents the victory over Ottoman forces.
The first floor contains a marble sarcophagus holding some of the remains of Bulgarian casualties from the Battle of Shipka Pass. The four floors above house replicas of Bulgarian military flags and other relics, and the top of the tower provides a panoramic view of Shipka Peak.