Short answers, pulled from the story.
Ali Gauhar, later known as Shah Alam II, entered the world on the 25th of June 1728 within the Salatin quarters of the Red Fort. He grew up in semi-captivity alongside his father, Shahzada Aziz-ud-Din.
The Battle of Buxar resulted in a decisive victory for the British East India Company against the combined armies of Mir Qasim, Shuja-ud-Daula, and Shah Alam II. Following this defeat, Shah Alam II signed the Treaty of Allahabad in 1765 which granted the Diwani rights over Bengal, Bihar, and Odisha to the company.
Ghulam Qadir blinded Shah Alam II with an Afghani knife on the 10th of August 1788 after forcing him to appoint the grandson of Najib Khan as Grand Vizier. Three servants and two water carriers helping the bleeding emperor were beheaded following the attack.
Mahadaji Shinde intervened and killed Ghulam Qadir taking possession of Delhi on the 2nd of October 1788. He subsequently restored Shah Alam II to the throne acting as protector while sending ears and eyes of Ghulam Qadir to the blind emperor.
Shah Alam II died of natural causes on the 19th of November 1806 and his grave lies in a marble enclosure adjoined to Moti Masjid next to the dargah of Sufi saint Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki in Mehrauli, Delhi. Tombs of Bahadur Shah I and Akbar Shah II also stand within the same enclosure.