Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Mediterranean Sea holds a salinity of 38 parts per thousand while the northern Red Sea reaches 41 parts per thousand. This high concentration exists because evaporation rates exceed freshwater input in these enclosed basins.
A tsunami generated by an underwater earthquake can reach speeds over 700 kilometers per hour in deep water. Tsunamis travel faster than wind-generated waves yet often pass unnoticed until reaching shallow coastal areas.
Scientists discovered new life forms at depths exceeding 4,700 meters during the Challenger expedition between 1872 and 1876. These discoveries included specialized bivalves sea anemones barnacles crabs worms and fish that live nowhere else on Earth around deep-sea vents.
The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea came into force as its third version in 1994. Article 87 states that high seas remain open to all states whether coastal or landlocked under this convention.
Over 60 percent of world container traffic travels along just twenty major trade routes connecting continents. Seaborne commerce carries more than four trillion US dollars worth of goods annually across global oceans.