Short answers, pulled from the story.
Saudi Aramco drilled its first commercial oil well at Dammam No. 7 in 1938. This event transformed the region's economic future and laid the foundation for what would become Saudi Aramco.
Full control transferred to Saudi Arabia when a royal decree created Saudi Arabian Oil Company in November 1988. Operational authority shifted entirely to the state after former partners retained management roles until that time.
Drones struck two facilities on the 14th of September 2019 including the Abqaiq processing plant and Khurais oil field. Another incident occurred in March 2021 when six bomb-laden drones targeted a refinery near Jeddah causing fires but no injuries or structural damage according to official reports.
The company raised $25.6 billion through its initial public offering which surpassed Alibaba Group's record set in 2014. Trading began on Tadawul on the 11th of December 2019 with shares rising ten percent to 35.2 riyals.
Saudi Aramco produces 12.7 million barrels of oil equivalent each day in 2024. The firm manages over one hundred fields across Saudi Arabia while maintaining production costs of just $3.75 per barrel.