Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Austronesian expansion originated in Taiwan around 3000 BC. Using catamarans, outriggers, and crab-claw sails, Austronesian peoples colonized Maritime Southeast Asia, then reached Near Oceania around 1500 BC, Hawaii around 900 AD, and New Zealand around 1200 AD.
The carrack was the most capable European ocean-going ship at the start of the 15th century. Carvel-built and large enough to carry both substantial cargo and provisions for very long voyages, it served as the forerunner of the galleon and enabled voyages by Vasco da Gama, Christopher Columbus, and Ferdinand Magellan.
By the 1880s, ships equipped with triple-expansion steam engines had the fuel efficiency to compete with sailing ships on all major routes and could maintain scheduled sailings unaffected by wind direction. Commercial sailing vessels continued into the 20th century, with the last ceasing to trade around 1960.
Literary accounts claim Zheng He's largest vessel, called the Treasure Ship, measured 400 feet in length and 150 feet in width. Modern research suggests it was unlikely to have exceeded 70 meters in length.
Baltimore clippers were schooners and brigantines used for blockade running in the War of 1812 and afterward for smuggling opium or illegally transporting enslaved people. Larger clippers of a different hull design followed, built for the California trade after gold was discovered in 1848.
Around 30 ships were using sails or attached kites by 2023, with the number expected to grow. The following year, reports indicated the technology had reached an inflection point as it moved from trials toward broader industry adoption.