Short answers, pulled from the story.
Russian postmodernism refers to two related but distinct things. For outside observers of post-Soviet Russia, it describes the economic and political uncertainty that followed communism's collapse and its effects on Russian identity. Russian critics use the term to describe contemporary Russian art and literature.
The Moscow Conceptualists were the organized center of a postmodern movement that arose in Soviet art in the 1950s. They used the symbolism of Socialist realism against the Soviet government. Key figures included painters Ilya Kabakov, Irina Nakhova, Viktor Pivovarov, Eric Bulatov, and Andrei Monastyrski, the duo Komar and Melamid, poets Dmitri Prigov, Lev Rubinstein, and Timur Kibirov, and writer Vladimir Sorokin.
The Lianozovo Group was an unofficial gathering of Soviet artists and poets that formed in 1958, named after the small village of Lianozovo outside Moscow. Its visual artists included Oscar Rabin, Lidia Masterkova, Vladimir Nemukhin, and Nikolai Vechtomov. The poets of the group were Igor Kholin, Vsevolod Nekrasov, and Genrikh Sapgir.
A meta-metaphor was the central poetic device of the Metarealist movement in Soviet and Russian poetry. The Metarealists described it as a complex, layered figurative construction they considered more ambitious than conventional poetic metaphor. Konstantin Kedrov and Elena Katsyuba were among the movement's named practitioners of this approach.
Russian postmodernism emerged in Soviet art in the 1950s, as the Stalinist era's strictest cultural controls began to ease. It began as an underground political and artistic movement that used Socialist realism's own symbols against the Soviet government. This underground tradition developed into the organized movement of the Moscow Conceptualists.
The Metarealists, also called metaphysical realists, were an unofficial poetry movement active from the 1970s through the 1990s in Soviet and then Russian literary culture. Their named representatives were Konstantin Kedrov, Elena Katsyuba, Elena Shvarts, Ivan Zhdanov, Vladimir Aristov, Aleksandr Yeryomenko, Yuri Arabov, and Alexei Parshchikov. Their defining contribution was the concept of the meta-metaphor, a complex layered figurative device.