Short answers, pulled from the story.
Rupert Murdoch was born on the 11th of March 1931 in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. He is the second of four children of Sir Keith Arthur Murdoch and Dame Elisabeth Joy, both of whom were also born in Melbourne.
Murdoch took over the family's Adelaide newspaper, The News, after his father Keith Murdoch died of cancer in 1952. What remained of the family holdings after the Herald and Weekly Times stake was liquidated to pay taxes was News Limited, founded in 1923, and The News was its main asset. Murdoch was 21 years old when he assumed control.
Murdoch became a naturalised American citizen on the 4th of September 1985 to satisfy a legal requirement that only American citizens could own American television stations. The citizenship change allowed him to proceed with the acquisition of Metromedia television stations, which formed the nucleus of the Fox Broadcasting Company.
The Wapping dispute began in 1986 when Murdoch introduced electronic production processes and relocated his British newspaper operations to a new facility in a Wapping warehouse. Six thousand employees who went on strike were dismissed, and the dispute that followed involved street battles and demonstrations. The dismissed workers accepted a settlement of £60 million in 1987.
In July 2011, allegations emerged that journalists at News of the World had hacked the phones of celebrities, royalty, and ordinary citizens. Murdoch testified before a British parliamentary committee and met privately with the family of Milly Dowler to apologise for the hacking of their murdered daughter's voicemail. The Culture, Media and Sport Committee issued a report on the 1st of May 2012 stating that Murdoch was "not a fit person to exercise the stewardship of a major international company". Murdoch resigned as a director of News International on the 21st of July 2012.
On the 9th of September 2025, News Corp announced a settlement in which Prudence MacLeod, Elisabeth Murdoch, and James Murdoch sold their shares in a transaction reported to be worth $3.3 billion, ceasing to be beneficiaries and relinquishing all voting rights. Lachlan Murdoch assumed full control of the family trust and full voting rights over both News Corp and Fox Corp.