Short answers, pulled from the story.
Rabindranath Tagore was born on the 7th of May 1861 in the Jorasanko mansion in Calcutta. He was the youngest of thirteen surviving children in a family that originally carried the surname Kushari before anglicizing it to Tagore.
Rabindranath Tagore won the 1913 Nobel Prize in Literature for his 1912 English translation of Gitanjali, also known as Song Offerings. He became the first Asian to win a Nobel Prize in any category and the first lyricist and non-European to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.
Rabindranath Tagore renounced his knighthood in 1919 after the Jallianwala Bagh massacre to protest the disproportionate severity of punishments inflicted upon the people. He wrote to the British Viceroy Lord Chelmsford stating that badges of honor made their shame glaring in their incongruous context of humiliation.
The foundation stone for the Visva-Bharati University was laid on the 24th of December 1918 and the institution was inaugurated precisely three years later. Tagore named the school Visva-Bharati and employed a brahmacharya system where gurus gave pupils personal guidance.
In 1937, Rabindranath Tagore's paintings were removed from Berlin's baroque Crown Prince Palace by the Nazi regime. Five of his works were included in the inventory of degenerate art compiled by the Nazis in 1941 and 1942.
Rabindranath Tagore died on the 7th of August 1941 in an upstairs room of the Jorasanko mansion. A. K. Sen received dictation from Tagore on the 30th of July 1941 for his last poem, which was a final expression of his belief in the beauty and tragedy of life.