Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Public Health Act 1875 became law in 1875 after years of legislative struggle. It codified previous measures aimed at combating filthy urban living conditions and established compulsory duties for local authorities to purchase or create sewers.
Richard Cross served as Home Secretary when he drafted the Public Health Bill. Disraeli ensured the legislation passed despite opposition from political rivals while Conservatives took power in 1874 under his leadership.
The bill became law in 1875 after years of legislative struggle. The Short Titles Act 1896 officially recognized it among other Public Health Acts later that century.
Local authorities gained compulsory duties to control water supplies for their districts under the new act. Industrial cities like Manchester and Liverpool began upgrading infrastructure rapidly following its implementation.
Reformers demanded action to stop filthy conditions where sewage flowed down streets and seeped into living quarters during the 1830s. They argued that such filth caused cholera and typhus outbreaks across urban centers requiring government intervention.
All new homes needed running water and internal drainage systems under the act. Building contractors faced government prohibitions against constructing shoddy housing units and by-laws controlled how new streets were constructed.