Short answers, pulled from the story.
The word prostitute derives from the Latin prostituta, which some sources define as a composition of pro meaning up front and statuere to cause to stand. A literal translation suggests to put up front for sale or to place forward.
Sex worker movements in Latin America and the Caribbean date back to the late 19th century in Havana, Cuba with a catalyst being a newspaper published by Havana sex workers named La Cebolla created by Las Horizontales.
In 1999 after lobbying by a coalition of feminists and Christians Sweden criminalized the buying not the selling of sex and neo-abolitionism has come to also be known as the Nordic model. It has since become law in France Norway and Iceland.
According to a 2011 report by Fondation Scelles there are about 42 million prostitutes in the world living all over the though most of Central Asia the Middle East and Africa lack data studied countries in that large region rank as top sex tourism destinations.
A CBI statement said that studies and surveys sponsored by the ministry of women and child development estimated that about 40 percent of all India's prostitutes are children.