Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Privy Chamber was the private apartment where the monarch slept and served as the most influential department in the royal household. This space included a bedroom, library, study, and lavatory, transforming governance by placing the sovereign's daily life under the control of a select few.
King Henry VIII transformed the Privy Chamber from a simple private apartment into a political engine room when he ascended the throne in 1509. The Ordinances of Eltham, a manuscript dated the 2nd of May 1526, codified the strict rules of this intimate circle.
Sir William Compton served in this capacity from 1509 until his death in 1528 during the sweating sickness, followed by Sir Henry Norris, who was beheaded in 1536 for High Treason. Sir Thomas Heneage took the post from 1536 to 1546, and Sir Anthony Denny served until 1547.
During the reign of King Edward VI from 1549 to 1553, the Privy Chamber became a battleground for political control over a monarch who was young and inexperienced. The establishment included six principal gentlemen and twenty-six ordinary gentlemen, all of whom were ten to fifteen years older than the King.
When James VI of Scotland became king of England in 1603, the institutions of the Scottish royal court and household collided with the English system, creating a new and volatile Privy Chamber. The new Privy Chamber formed in May 1603 included forty-eight gentlemen, with twelve in service at any time.