Short answers, pulled from the story.
The term plastic surgery first appeared in English in 1598. This definition predates the modern synthetic polymer by seventy years and is rooted in the Greek word plastikē meaning the art of modelling.
Joseph Constantine Carpue performed the first major rhinoplasty in the Western world in 1815. He had spent twenty years studying Indian techniques and successfully reconstructed a nose for a British military officer who had lost his to mercury poisoning.
More than 11,000 operations were performed on over 5,000 men at the hospital established by Harold Gillies in 1917. Gillies introduced skin grafts and rotational flaps to treat injuries that were previously considered hopeless.
92% of the nearly 16 million cosmetic procedures performed in the United States in 2014 were performed on women. The most common surgeries included rhinoplasty, blepharoplasty, rhytidectomy, liposuction, and breast augmentation.
Half of the patients with body dysmorphic disorder who undergo cosmetic surgery are not pleased with the aesthetic outcome. Only 2% of people in the United States have body dysmorphic disorder yet 15% of patients seeing a dermatologist or cosmetic surgeon have the disorder.