Short answers, pulled from the story.
The People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan was founded on the 1st of January 1965, when twenty-seven men gathered at Nur Muhammad Taraki's house in Kabul and elected him as the first party Secretary General.
The Khalq and Parcham were the two main rival factions of the PDPA that split in 1967. The Khalq drew support mainly from ethnic Pashtuns in rural areas and adhered to rigid Marxist-Leninist dogma, while the Parcham was rooted in urban populations and favored a more moderate, reform-oriented approach.
The PDPA seized power in the Saur Revolution on the 28th of April 1978. Military units from the Kabul military base, commanded in part by Major Aslam Watanjar with tank units and Colonel Abdul Qadir with the air force, stormed the Presidential Palace, killed President Daoud Khan, and overthrew his government.
The PDPA's literacy campaign failed because it sent teachers from Kabul and provincial capitals who were perceived as arrogant by rural populations. Classes used textbooks with Marxist slogans, required students to learn Russian, and imposed mixed-gender instruction that violated local customs, making the program deeply unpopular.
The Homeland Party was formally banned on the 6th of May 1992 by the Jamiat-i Islami Government after mujahideen rebels seized Kabul. The regime had already collapsed in April 1992 following the mass defection of non-Pashtun commanders after President Najibullah dismissed ethnic Tajik General Abdul Momin in favor of an ethnic Pashtun general.
The Soviet Union was deeply involved with the PDPA from its earliest years. Soviet Military Intelligence assisted Khalq's recruitment of military officers, Soviet mediation reunited the Khalq and Parcham factions in 1977, Soviet special forces killed PDPA General Secretary Hafizullah Amin in December 1979, and the USSR provided military assistance worth billions of dollars to the PDPA regime until 1991.