Short answers, pulled from the story.
The word pantheism emerged from Greek roots and appeared in Latin within Joseph Raphson's 1697 book De Spatio Reali seu Ente Infinito. Raphson used the term pantheismus to describe a specific philosophical stance distinct from atheistic materialism.
Baruch Spinoza formalized pantheism as a separate theology and philosophy in 17th-century Europe. This Dutch philosopher of Portuguese descent was raised in Amsterdam's Sephardi Jewish community until age 23 when he received a herem from his local synagogue.
According to censuses from 2011, the UK was the country with the most Pantheists while Canada saw about 1,000 identify their religion as Pantheist representing 0.003% of its population. By 2021 Canadian numbers rose to 1,855 making up 0.005% of residents.
Harold Wood founded the Universal Pantheist Society in 1975 open to all varieties of pantheists and supportive of environmental causes. Paul Harrison established the World Pantheist Movement which was incorporated in 1999 to focus exclusively on promoting naturalistic pantheism.
The Vatican viewed this growing influence as a threat and formally condemned it in 1864 through Pope Pius IX's Syllabus of Errors. Abraham Lincoln's law partner William Herndon wrote a letter in 1886 describing the U.S. President's evolving religious views which included pantheism.