Short answers, pulled from the story.
Nuremberg was first named in a royal charter in the year 1050. This document identified the location as an Imperial castle, marking the birth of the city that would eventually become the political heartbeat of the Holy Roman Empire.
Anton Koberger opened Europe's first print shop in Nuremberg in the year 1471. This event launched a revolution in the dissemination of knowledge and established the city as the cradle of the German Renaissance.
Hitler ordered the Reichstag to convene in Nuremberg to pass the Nuremberg Laws in the year 1935. These laws stripped Jews of their citizenship and laid the legal groundwork for the Holocaust.
Hermann Göring committed suicide in his prison cell in Nuremberg on the 15th of October 1946. This occurred just hours before his scheduled execution by hanging.
The medieval city center of Nuremberg was systematically bombed by the Royal Air Force and the U.S. Army Air Forces on the 2nd of January 1945. About eighty percent of the city center was destroyed in a single hour during this attack.
Nuremberg hosted the FIFA World Cup in the year 2006. The Max-Morlock-Stadion was refurbished for the event and accommodates 50,000 spectators.