Short answers, pulled from the story.
Pope Celestine III issued a formal call for crusade in 1195, marking the official start of Northern Crusades. This papal bull authorized military action against Baltic pagans and framed it as equivalent to campaigns in the Holy Land.
Bishop Albert of Buxhoeveden arrived at the Daugava river mouth in 1200 with only 23 ships and 500 soldiers. He founded the Livonian Brothers of the Sword in 1202 to ensure permanent military presence.
Conflict persisted until pivotal Battle of Grunwald in 1410 where allied Polish-Lithuanian forces decisively defeated Teutonic Knights. Tatar, Moldovan, Ruthenian, and Czech contingents supported the winning side during this engagement.
At least 35 knights lost lives along with Orders master Villekin during Battle of Garoza in 1287. Semigallians rebelled again in 1279 under Duke Nameisis after capital hillfort Tērvete conquered in 1271.
The Wendish Crusade began in 1147 with attacks on Polabian Slavs by Saxons, Danes, and Poles. These campaigns continued irregularly until the 16th century, running parallel to the Second Crusade to the Holy Land.