Short answers, pulled from the story.
The United Nations includes Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia, and Western Sahara as core territories of North Africa. This boundary extends from the Atlantic shores of Western Sahara in the west to Egypt and Sudan's Red Sea coast in the east.
Early Homo sapiens remains found at Jebel Irhoud in Morocco indicate presence across the continent 100,000 years earlier than previously thought. Scientists reported computerized determination of a virtual skull shape based on 260 CT scans in September 2019 suggesting modern humans arose between 260,000 and 350,000 years ago.
All Carthaginian territory was conquered by Romans resulting in the province of Africa in 146 B.C. The First Punic War erupted when Carthaginian expansion reached northwest Sicily before this conquest occurred.
Arabs constitute 98% of Tunisia's population according to recent demographic data. Arabs also make up 70% to 80% of Algeria, 92% to 97% of Libya, and 67% to 70% of Morocco while Berbers comprise smaller percentages in these countries.
The Sahara covers more than 75 percent of North Africa including southern parts of Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, and most of Libya. Only two regions of Libya lie outside the desert: Tripolitania in the northwest and Cyrenaica in the northeast.