Short answers, pulled from the story.
Nonviolent resistance achieves goals through symbolic protests, civil disobedience, economic or political noncooperation, satyagraha, constructive program, or other methods without using violence. Civil disobedience necessarily violates the law and accepts punitive measures while nonviolent resistance does not always require breaking laws or accepting punishment.
The United Nations celebrates Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi's birthday on October 2 as the International Day of Non-Violence to mark global recognition of the power inherent in peaceful protest.
The Moriori people colonized the Chatham Islands and became hunter-gatherers whose lack of resources made conventional war unsustainable so they resolved disputes nonviolently. When 900 Māori invaded the island in 1835 most of the population of 2000 people were killed due to this tradition.
From 1966 to 1999 nonviolent civic resistance played a critical role in fifty of sixty-seven transitions from authoritarianism including the Singing revolution that regained Lithuania Latvia and Estonia's independence without almost any blood shed. The People Power Revolution saw over two million Filipinos topple Ferdinand Marcos and place Corazon C. Aquino into power while the Tunisian Revolution resulted in the overthrow of president Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali on the 14th of January 2011.
Movements employ nonviolent resistance tactics such as information warfare picketing marches vigils leafletting samizdat magnitizdat satyagraha protest art protest music and poetry. Community education and consciousness raising often accompany these direct actions alongside tax resistance civil disobedience boycotts or sanctions legal diplomatic wrestling Underground Railroads and general strikes.