Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Nintendo Entertainment System launched in a limited test market in New York City on the 18th of October 1985, followed by Los Angeles in February 1986, and finally a full North American release on the 27th of September 1986.
The Nintendo Entertainment System was designed by Masayuki Uemura, who was tasked with creating a system that was affordable enough for the average household yet powerful enough to run arcade-quality games.
The original Japanese version of the console was known as the Famicom and was released on the 15th of July 1983 with a red and white color scheme chosen to appeal to children.
The Nintendo Entertainment System sold 61.91 million units, making it the 14th-best-selling console of all time.
Nintendo ceased production of the Nintendo Entertainment System in 1995, and the final licensed games for the console were released in 1994.
Nintendo recalled all Famicom consoles after reports surfaced of defective integrated circuits causing the systems to crash during gameplay, and president Hiroshi Yamauchi issued a directive to recall them all to protect consumer trust.