Short answers, pulled from the story.
News is information about current events, provided through word of mouth, printing, postal systems, broadcasting, electronic communication, or the testimony of witnesses. The English word "news" developed in the 14th century as a special use of the plural form of "new", with the Middle English equivalent newes.
Jessica Garretson Finch is credited with coining the phrase "current events" while teaching at Barnard College in the 1890s.
Relation aller Fürnemmen und gedenckwürdigen Historien, from 1605, is recognized as the world's first formalized newspaper. The first newspapers emerged in Germany in the early 1600s.
In thirteenth-century Florence, criers known as banditori arrived in the market regularly to announce political news, convoke public meetings, and call the populace to arms. Laws from 1307 and from 1322 to 1325 governed their conduct, including a rule that a proclamation be repeated forty times.
The electrical telegraph let news travel faster and farther and concentrated it in wire services in major cities. Charles-Louis Havas founded Bureau Havas, later Agence France-Presse, in Paris, and Paul Reuter established the Reuters agency in London in 1851, opening outposts across the British Empire.
The British Broadcasting Company began transmitting radio news from London in 1922. Television news watching rose dramatically in the 1950s and supplanted radio as the public's primary source of news by the 1960s, with 24-hour satellite news beginning when Ted Turner created the Cable News Network in 1980.