Short answers, pulled from the story.
Ahmose I drove the Hyksos out of Egypt around 1570 BC. This action ended the Second Intermediate Period and established the Eighteenth Dynasty as a new power center.
Thutmose III conducted at least sixteen military campaigns over twenty years to expand the army and capture three hundred fifty cities. He is considered a military genius who expanded the empire from the Euphrates river down to Nubia.
Akhenaten changed his name to honor the god Aten and worshiped him as his personal deity. His wife Nefertiti performed rituals alongside him, creating a distinctive art style known as the Amarna Period.
Ramesses III defeated the Sea Peoples in two great battles at Djahy and the Delta river. He incorporated these people as subjects but heavy warfare costs drained the treasury slowly over decades.
Droughts and below-normal Nile flooding caused famine across the kingdom while Air pollution from volcanic eruptions affected agricultural production for almost two full decades until 1140 BC. These crises allowed High Priests of Amun to become de facto rulers while Smendes controlled Lower Egypt.