Short answers, pulled from the story.
May Donoghue suffered from severe gastro-enteritis and nervous shock after drinking ginger beer that contained the decomposed remains of a snail. She did not buy the drink herself but received it from a friend at the Café Royal.
The House of Lords delivered its judgment in the case of Donoghue v Stevenson in 1932. Lord Atkin defined the legal duty of care owed to one's neighbor in this decision.
Courts judge the actions of children against the standard of a child of that age with similar experience and intelligence rather than the standard of an adult. The case of McHale v Watson in Australia established that a twelve-year-old boy was not held to the standard of an adult.
The eggshell skull rule holds that a tortfeasor is liable for the full extent of damage caused even if the victim's injury is more severe than expected due to an unforeseen frailty. The Australian case of Kavanagh v Akhtar upheld this principle to ensure defendants take the victim as they find them.
The Turkish Penal Code took effect on the 1st of June 2005 and defines criminal negligence as a failure to act when required by law. Negligence in civil law is defined as the occurrence of a legally foreseen consequence due to a lack of necessary care.