Short answers, pulled from the story.
Scholars trace the root of terms like Dom and Lom to Sanskrit phrases meaning a man of low caste who lives by singing and music. This linguistic connection points toward Dravidian or Munda origins, though the exact source remains uncertain.
The Oxford English Dictionary records its first usage in 1514, appearing in works by Edmund Spenser and William Shakespeare. During the 16th and 17th centuries, spellings varied wildly between Egipcian and gypcian before the initial capital E disappeared.
Continental Europe often uses names derived from Byzantine Greek athínganos which translates literally to untouchable. An 11th-century text preserved on Mt Athos describes the Adsincani as a Samaritan people descended from Simon the Magician.
In German-speaking Europe, the group calls itself Sinti while France recognizes the Manush identity among its Roma population. Spain, Wales, and Finland use Calé, Kale, and Kaale respectively, all derived from kalo meaning black in the Romani language.
The United Nations and the US Library of Congress utilize Romani as an alternative noun for the entire ethnic group. The Council of Europe and other bodies prefer the term Roma to refer to Romani people worldwide.