Short answers, pulled from the story.
The literal etymological meaning of Jesus translates to YHWH saves or YHWH is salvation. This name traces back to the Biblical Hebrew form Yehoshua which combines Yeho a reference to YHWH with a root derived from y-š-ä meaning to liberate or save.
Modern English Jesus derives from Early Middle English Iesu attested from the twelfth century. The letter J was first distinguished from I by Pierre Ramus in the sixteenth century but did not become common until the seventeenth century.
Gentiles including Magi Pontius Pilate and Roman soldiers used the title King of the Jews while Jewish leaders preferred designation King of Israel. This usage led to dramatic results such as the Massacre of Innocents ordered by King Herod and charges resulting in the Crucifixion.
John Baptist proclaims Behold Lamb of God who takes away sins of world in John 1:29 reaffirmed next day in John 1:36. This proclamation establishes divine element Person Christ and begins unfolding salvific theme redemptive sacrificial death followed by resurrection.
Paul positions Jesus as second last Adam whose obedience counterbalances the fall of Adam bringing forth redemption repairing damage done to humanity. One man disobedience made many sinners so one man obedience makes many righteous according to Romans 5:18-21.