Questions about Nader Shah

Short answers, pulled from the story.

When was Nader Shah born and what was his early life like?

Nader Qoli Beg was born into the semi-nomadic Qirqlu clan of the Turkoman Afshar tribe and lived a life of constant movement across the rugged valleys of Dastgerd. His father Emam Qoli was a herdsman who may have also worked as a coatmaker, and Nader lost his father at the age of thirteen. He supported himself and his mother by gathering sticks for firewood and transporting them to the market before being captured by marauding Uzbeks in 1704.

When did Nader Shah become Shah of Iran and how did he rise to power?

Nader Shah became Shah of Iran in 1736 after forcing Shah Tahmasp II to abdicate in 1732 in favor of the Shah's baby son Abbas III. He initially submitted to the local Afghan governor of Mashhad before rebelling and building his own small army to join the cause of Tahmasp II. He became chief of the army after revealing treacherous correspondence from Fath Ali Khan to the Shah and recaptured Mashhad in late 1726.

What happened during the Battle of Karnal on the 13th of February 1739?

Nader Shah crushed the Mughal army in less than three hours at the huge Battle of Karnal on the 13th of February 1739 despite being outnumbered by six to one. He captured the Mughal ruler Muhammad Shah and entered Delhi where he ordered a sack of the city on the 22nd of March that killed 20,000 to 30,000 Indians. He took the Koh-i-Noor and Darya-ye Noor diamonds and treasures worth as much as seven hundred million rupees before leaving Delhi at the beginning of May 1739.

How did Nader Shah die and when did his assassination occur?

Nader Shah was assassinated in June 1747 at his tent in Quchan by four conspirators who entered the royal enclosure while he was sleeping outside the tent. Muhammad Quli Khan struck him with a great blow of his sword and Salah Khan severed his head which he dropped into the hands of a waiting soldier. The most detailed account of his death comes from his physician Père Louis Bazin who relied on the eyewitness testimony of Chuki.

What territories did Nader Shah conquer and when did he rule?

Nader Shah ruled as Shah of Iran from 1736 to 1747 and his empire briefly encompassed all or part of modern-day Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Georgia, India, Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Oman, Pakistan, Uzbekistan, the North Caucasus, and the Persian Gulf. He conquered the Khanate of Khiva in 1740 and Oman and its main capital Muscat in 1743. He recaptured the island of Bahrain from the Arabs and signed the Treaty of Kerden in 1746 which let him occupy Najaf.

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