Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Divje Babe flute dates to between 43,400 and 67,000 years old. Some scholars argue this perforated bone artifact from Slovenia was made by Neanderthals while others claim carnivores chewed it.
Leonard Woolley carried out these excavations during the 1920s. Carbon dating places the graves containing these instruments between 2600 and 2500 BC.
This bronze instrument featured a bell end crafted into a screaming animal head that emitted a deep harsh sound when blown into. The tongue clicked when vibrated to intimidate opponents on battlefields.
Bob Moog and other inventors developed the first commercial synthesizers in the late 1960s. A 1975 Moog Modular 55 synthesizer filled rooms but now embeds into any electronic device.
Erich von Hornbostel and Curt Sachs published an extensive classification scheme in Zeitschrift für Ethnologie in 1914. They adopted Victor-Charles Mahillon's system from 1880 but replaced autophone with idiophone to classify instruments into four main groups including chordophones and membranophones.