Short answers, pulled from the story.
Moses was a prophet born into a world where his life was forfeit, raised as an Egyptian prince by the Pharaoh's daughter while being Hebrew by blood. He was the child drawn from the water, destined to draw his people from slavery, and his name derived from the Egyptian root mose meaning child of or the Hebrew mashu meaning drawn out.
Scholars suggest a Moses-like figure may have existed in the thirteenth century BCE, perhaps in southern Transjordan. The biblical narrative places his life during the time of the Pharaoh who issued a decree to drown every newborn Hebrew boy in the Nile.
The Israelites received the Ten Commandments at the foot of Mount Sinai, written on stone tablets by the finger of God. This event established the covenant that defined their relationship with the divine, a pact of obedience in exchange for protection and a promised land.
Moses died at the age of 120 after climbing Mount Nebo because he was twice warned that he would not enter the Promised Land for striking the rock at Meribah. He looked out over the land he would never enter, and his eye remained undimmed and his vigor undiminished.
Moses died on Mount Nebo after assembling the tribes on the banks of the Jordan River to deliver his final laws and pronounce a blessing before passing his authority to Joshua. He climbed the mountain to look out over the land he would never enter, and his eye remained undimmed and his vigor undiminished.
No contemporary Egyptian sources mention Moses or the Exodus, and archaeological evidence in the Sinai wilderness has failed to confirm the narrative. Some theories suggest the story is a distortion of the historical pharaoh Amenmose or that he was a Shasu leader named Irsu who disrupted Egyptian rituals.