Short answers, pulled from the story.
Gordon Moore published the article titled Cramming more components onto integrated circuits in 1965. He was the director of research and development at Fairchild Semiconductor when he made this prediction.
Robert H. Dennard recognized rapid MOSFET scaling technology at IBM in 1974. His work described how power density stays constant as transistors get smaller until evidence showed this inverse relationship broke down in the mid-2000s.
Chih-Tang Sah and Frank Wanlass invented Complementary metal oxide semiconductor CMOS at Fairchild Semiconductor in 1963. This innovation sustained Moore's law since the beginning of the integrated circuit era alongside Dynamic random-access memory developed by Robert H. Dennard at IBM in 1967.
The price of information technology declined 16% per year on average over five decades from 1959 to 2009. Quality-adjusted microprocessor price improvement accelerated during the late 1990s reaching 60% per year before slowing to 15 to 25% annually thereafter.
Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang declared Moore's law dead in 2022. Several days later Intel CEO Pat Gelsinger countered with the opposite claim while Samsung and TSMC plan to manufacture 3 nm GAAFET nodes by 2021 or 2022.