Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Constitution of India officially came into force on the 26th of January 1950, marking the official start of the ministry. Legislative power moved from the Governor General to the newly formed Parliament of India on that day.
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar served as the first Law and Justice minister during Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru's cabinet from 1947 until 1951. His leadership helped establish modern legal institutions in independent India.
The Department of Legal Affairs operates from its main secretariat located in New Delhi with branch offices in Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai and Bengaluru. This department handles providing advice to other ministries and conducting litigation on behalf of the Union of India.
The Allocation of Business Rules of 1961 formally organized three departments under the ministry including the Department of Legal Affairs, the Legislative Department, and the Department of Justice. These rules defined how the government would handle legal affairs after independence.
The year 1833 marked a turning point when the British Parliament passed the Charter Act which transferred legislative power to a single authority for the first time in Indian history. The Governor General in Council now held the exclusive right to enact laws across the country.