Short answers, pulled from the story.
The earliest anatomically modern humans began migrating out of Africa around 125,000 years ago during the Middle Paleolithic period. This migration marked a pivotal moment in human history and coincided with the emergence of behavioral modernity.
Sites like Krapina in Croatia dated to 130,000 years before present and the Qafzeh and Es Skhul caves in Israel dated to 100,000 years before present have led some anthropologists to believe Middle Paleolithic cultures may have possessed a developing religious ideology. Philip Lieberman and others suggest these burials indicate concepts such as an afterlife.
Middle Paleolithic people lived in small egalitarian band societies similar to those of Upper Paleolithic societies and some modern hunter-gatherers such as the Kung and Mbuti peoples. Christopher Boehm has hypothesized that egalitarianism may have arisen in Middle Paleolithic societies because of a need to distribute resources such as food and meat equally to avoid famine and ensure a stable food supply.
The sexual division of labor may have evolved after 45,000 years ago to allow humans to acquire food and other resources more efficiently. Steven L. Kuhn and Mary Stiner from the University of Arizona suggest that this sex-based division of labor did not exist prior to the Upper Paleolithic.
The Middle Stone Age inhabitants of the region now occupied by the Democratic Republic of the Congo hunted large long catfish with specialized barbed fishing points as early as 90,000 years ago. Neandertals and Middle Paleolithic Homo sapiens in Africa began to catch shellfish for food as revealed by shellfish cooking in Neanderthal sites in Italy about 110,000 years ago.