Short answers, pulled from the story.
Mahavira within Jainism predicted the existence of unseen life in the sixth century before the Common Era. He described nigodas as sub-microscopic creatures living in clusters that pervade every part of the universe from earth and water to the flesh of animals.
Robert Hooke made the first recorded observation of microscopic life in 1665. He examined the fruiting bodies of moulds during this observation which marked a key moment in the history of microbiology.
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek is considered the father of microbiology and he lived in Delft, Netherlands. He used single-lens microscopes of his own design to observe bacteria and other microorganisms in the 1670s.
Louis Pasteur designed a series of experiments to disprove the then widely held theory of spontaneous generation. He also created methods for food preservation known as pasteurization and developed vaccines against diseases such as anthrax, fowl cholera, and rabies.
Martinus Beijerinck discovered viruses in the late 19th century. His work on the tobacco mosaic virus established the basic principles of virology and he also developed enrichment culture techniques.
Corynebacterium glutamicum is one of the most important bacterial species with an annual production of more than two million tons of amino acids. It mainly produces L-glutamate and L-lysine for industrial use.