Short answers, pulled from the story.
Mauretania was an ancient North African kingdom, later split into two Roman provinces. Its people, of Imazighen and Phoenician ancestry, were known to Rome as the Mauri and the Masaesyli. Their harbors traded with Carthage before the 4th century BC.
Ancient Mauretania covered what is now northern Morocco and western and central Algeria. At its height it stretched from central Algeria to the Atlantic coast of Morocco, with the Atlas Mountains as its southern boundary.
Juba II was a king from Numidia whom Rome installed as client-king of Mauretania in 25 BC. He co-ruled with Cleopatra Selene II until around 5 BC and sent an expedition to the Canary Islands around 25 BC. He died in AD 23 and was succeeded by his Roman-educated son Ptolemy.
Emperor Claudius annexed Mauretania as a Roman province in 44 AD, after Emperor Caligula had the last client-king, Ptolemy, executed in 40 AD. The territory was divided along the Muluya River into Mauretania Tingitana, with its capital at Tingis, and Mauretania Caesariensis, with its capital at Caesarea.
Macrinus, an equestrian from Mauretania, became Roman emperor in 217 AD after the assassination of Caracalla. He is the only Roman emperor of Mauretanian origin. He was defeated and executed by Elagabalus the following year.
Arab forces advanced through the Maghreb in the 7th century, and the eight Romano-Moorish kingdoms of Mauretania, including Altava, Ouarsenis, and Aures, could not withstand them. The last organized resistance was led by Caecilius, the Christian king of Altava. The warrior queen Kahina died in battle in 703 AD, marking the final defeat.