Short answers, pulled from the story.
Luleå is the capital of Norrbotten County, Sweden's northernmost county, and is known for its large steel industry, Luleå University of Technology, and hosting Facebook's first data center outside the United States. The city also holds the distinction of being the world's largest brackish water archipelago, with 1,312 islands.
Luleå received its Royal charter in 1621 from King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden. The original town was located where Gammelstad stands today but was moved in 1649 to its current site because post-glacial rebound had made the original bay too shallow for ships.
Facebook announced on the 27th of October 2011 that it would build its first data center outside the United States in Luleå. The city was chosen for its 100-percent renewable electricity supply, low cooling costs due to the cold climate, and Sweden's long political stability. The facility consists of three buildings, each 28,000 square meters.
Four Luleå teams compete in the top Swedish leagues: BC Luleå (men's basketball, eight-time Swedish champion), Luleå Basket (women's basketball, two-time Swedish champion), Luleå Hockey (men's ice hockey, Champions Hockey League winners in 2015), and Luleå Hockey/MSSK (women's ice hockey, Swedish champions in 2016).
The world's first indoor shopping mall was opened in Luleå in 1955. It was designed by architect Ralph Erskine and was simply named Shopping.
Notable people born in Luleå include John W. Nordstrom (1871-1963), who co-founded the Nordstrom chain store in the United States; actress Maud Adams (born 1945), who appeared in two James Bond films; poet and Swedish Academy member Erik Lindegren (1910-1968); and opera baritone Peter Mattei (born 1965).