Short answers, pulled from the story.
Lorenzo Campeggio (the 7th of November 1474 - the 19th of July 1539) was an Italian cardinal and diplomat who served as a papal nuncio to Emperor Maximilian I and was appointed cardinal-protector of England on the 22nd of January 1523. He is best known for presiding over the divorce hearing between Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon in 1528, and he was the last cardinal to hold the title of cardinal-protector of England.
Campeggio originally trained as a lawyer, earning his degree in 1499. He entered the Catholic Church in 1510, following the death of his wife. Within a year he was serving as a papal nuncio.
In 1528, Campeggio returned to England to hear the case for divorce between Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon. The period was described as particularly unpleasant for him due to mental duress and his affliction with gout.
Pope Leo X made Campeggio a cardinal in 1517, during his second period serving as nuncio to Emperor Maximilian I.
De depravato statu ecclesiae was a treatise Campeggio wrote for Pope Adrian VI that proposed radical reforms for the papal bureaucracy. It reflects his engagement with the broader reform debates within the Catholic Church during the early sixteenth century.
Campeggio was appointed cardinal-protector of England on the 22nd of January 1523 and was the last person ever to hold that title. The role placed him as Rome's formal advocate within the English church, but the collapse of relations between Henry VIII and the papacy over the divorce case ended the position permanently.