Short answers, pulled from the story.
The office of Lord Chancellor in England dates at least as far back as the Norman Conquest of 1066. Some historical records suggest the first chancellor was Angmendus in 605, while others credit Edward the Confessor with appointing a clerk named Regenbald to the title.
Liz Truss became the first woman to serve as Lord Chancellor of the United Kingdom in 2016. She was one of three immediate successors to Chris Grayling, who became the first justice secretary without a legal background in 2012.
The Constitutional Reform Act 2005 removed the judicial functions of the Lord Chancellor. The final act received royal assent on the 24th of March 2005, and major transfers of historical functions were complete by mid-2006.
The office of Lord Chancellor of Scotland continued until 1708, and Lord Seafield was re-appointed in 1713, sitting as an extraordinary lord of session until his death in 1730. Since 1730, the office of Lord Chancellor of Scotland has been in abeyance.
Jack Straw MP was appointed Lord Chancellor and Secretary of State for Justice in June 2007, becoming the first Lord Chancellor to be a member of the Commons since Christopher Hatton in 1587. Both Straw and his immediate successor, Ken Clarke, were barristers.