Short answers, pulled from the story.
A timber drain discovered at Number 1 Poultry dates to the year 47 AD, marking the earliest securely-dated structure in what would become Londinium. This small settlement occupied an area roughly equivalent to present-day Hyde Park, situated on a ford across the River Thames that allowed ships to pass while remaining shallow enough for crossing.
Roman forces flogged Boudica and enslaved her daughters' kinsmen after she objected to property confiscation, leading to a revolt that overwhelmed two hundred ill-equipped men sent to defend Camulodunum. The Roman governor Gaius Suetonius Paulinus abandoned Londinium, allowing inhabitants to flee while those who stayed were slaughtered, leaving the city in ruins until reconstruction began shortly after the rebellion's defeat.
By around 140 AD, the population had recovered to between 45,000 and 60,000 people living in stone houses equipped with piped water and sophisticated drainage systems. A large building discovered near Cannon Street Station dates to this era and is assumed to have been the governor's palace featuring gardens pools and mosaic floors.
Some time between 190 and 225 AD Roman engineers built the London Wall as a defensive ragstone structure approximately 3 kilometers long and 6 meters high. This massive project included four main gates: Bishopsgate Aldgate Newgate and Ludgate along with smaller pedestrian posterns like the one by Tower Hill.
Genetic studies of human remains from Roman cemeteries reveal that people born with North African ancestry were not unusual or atypical results for Londinium. A 2016 study of isotope analysis from 20 bodies suggests that at least 12 had grown up locally while four were immigrants confirming the city's status as an ethnically diverse community.