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Questions about Lollardy

Short answers, pulled from the story.

When did the word lollard first appear in official English records?

The word lollard first appeared in official English records during the year 1387. A mandate from the Bishop of Worcester targeted five poor preachers described as confederated by name or custom of Lollards.

What was the core theological belief of John Wycliffe regarding Holy Communion?

John Wycliffe taught that Christ was mystically present in the bread and wine but did not accept the Catholic formulation requiring denial of this view. This doctrine centered on consubstantiation rather than transubstantiation regarding Holy Communion.

Which group formed the initial followers of the lollard movement at Oxford University?

Initial followers emerged primarily from Oxford scholars at Merton College during the 1360s and 1370s. Nicholas Hereford translated most of the Old Testament into Middle English within this academic circle.

Who became the first layman executed by burning for heresy under the statute De heretico comburendo?

John Badby became the first layman executed by burning in England for heresy in 1410. He was a craftsman who refused to renounce his beliefs despite pressure.

How many lollards were prosecuted or forced to abjure in London between 1510 and 1532?

Records indicate about 310 Lollards were prosecuted or forced to abjure in London alone between 1510 and 1532. Lincoln diocese heard 45 cases during 1506, 1507 while Kent saw 50 abjurations and five burnings in 1521.

When did persecution resume against revived lollard heresy acts under Mary I?

Persecution resumed under Mary I between 1554 and 1559 specifically targeting revived heresy acts. Thomas Harding died as one of the last persecuted figures in 1532 before this period began.