Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Liberation of Paris was a battle that took place from the 19th of August 1944 until the German garrison surrendered the French capital on the 25th of August 1944. Paris had been occupied by Nazi Germany since the Armistice of the 22nd of June 1940.
Dietrich von Choltitz, commander of the German garrison and military governor of Paris, surrendered at 3:30 p.m. on the 25th of August 1944 at the Hôtel Meurice. He defied Hitler's order that the city fall only "lying in complete debris".
La Nueve was the 9th Company of the Régiment de marche du Tchad, the vanguard Free French general Leclerc sent into Paris on the 24th of August 1944. Of its 160 men, 146 were Spanish Republicans, and its nickname is Spanish for "the nine".
General Eisenhower did not consider Paris a primary objective, since the Allied goal was to destroy German forces retreating toward the Rhine and end the war in Europe. Commanders also feared Hitler's order to destroy the city, a Stalingrad-style battle of attrition, and the heavy supply burden of feeding the population afterward.
On the 25th of August 1944 at the Hôtel de Ville, de Gaulle proclaimed Paris "outraged", "broken", "martyred", but "liberated by itself, liberated by its people with the help of the French armies". His speech dismissed Vichy as a false France and downplayed the role of the US 4th Infantry Division.
An estimated 800 to 1,000 Resistance fighters were killed and another 1,500 were wounded during the Battle for Paris. The French 2nd Armored Division lost 71 killed and 225 wounded, along with 35 tanks, 6 self-propelled guns, and 111 vehicles.
De Gaulle asked that a French unit lead the liberation, and Allied High Command agreed on the condition that it contain no black or non-white soldiers. The 2nd Armored Division was chosen as the only majority-white French formation, and its Moroccan and Algerian soldiers were replaced by white and lighter-skinned troops.