Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Russian Soviet Republic decriminalized homosexuality in December 1917 following the October Revolution. The Bolshevik government rewrote the constitution and produced two Criminal Codes in 1922 and 1926 without including an article prohibiting homosexual sex.
In March 1934, the Soviet Union recriminalized sex between men by adding Article 154-a to the Soviet Criminal Code. This new law punished consensual sexual activity between men with three to five years' imprisonment.
Ten Russian regions passed these bans between 2006 and 2013. Ryazan Oblast led the way in 2006, followed by Arkhangelsk Oblast in 2011, while Saint Petersburg and Kostroma Oblast both passed similar measures in 2012.
On the 1st of April 2017, the Russian-language opposition newspaper Novaya Gazeta reported allegations of systematic persecution against gay men in Chechnya. Sources within Chechen special services claimed that over 100 men had been detained and tortured since February 2017.
President Vladimir Putin signed the bill into law on the 24th of July 2023. The enacted law prevented doctors from offering gender-affirming healthcare or sexual reassignment surgery to any individual regardless of age.