Short answers, pulled from the story.
Leonardo da Vinci was an Italian polymath of the High Renaissance active as a painter, draughtsman, engineer, scientist, theorist, sculptor, and architect. He was born on the 15th of April 1452 near the Tuscan town of Vinci and died on the 2nd of May 1519 at the age of 67. He is widely regarded as the universal genius and Renaissance Man.
Leonardo da Vinci's best known work is the Mona Lisa, regarded as the most famous individual painting in the world. The Last Supper is the most reproduced religious painting of all time, and his Vitruvian Man drawing is considered a cultural icon. He left fewer than 25 attributed major works, many of them unfinished.
Most of Leonardo da Vinci's writing is in mirror-image cursive that runs from right to left. Because he wrote with his left hand, it was probably easier for him to write in that direction. He filled roughly 13,000 pages of notes and drawings this way over his lifetime.
Leonardo da Vinci designed flying machines including an ornithopter and a helical rotor, an armoured fighting vehicle, concentrated solar power, and a double hull. He made discoveries in anatomy, hydrodynamics, geology, optics, and tribology, first stating the laws of sliding friction in 1493. He did not publish his findings, so they had little to no direct influence on later science.
Leonardo da Vinci was educated in Florence under Andrea del Verrocchio and worked for Ludovico Sforza in Milan from 1482 to 1499. He later served Cesare Borgia as a military engineer and worked in Florence, Milan, and briefly Rome. He spent his last three years in France in the service of King Francis I.
Leonardo da Vinci was buried in the collegiate church of Saint Florentin at the Chateau d'Amboise on the 12th of August 1519. The church was demolished in 1802 and his remains were disturbed, so their location is disputed. A partial skeleton found in 1863 was re-interred in the chapel of Saint Hubert in 1874 under a plaque stating its contents are only presumed to be his.