Short answers, pulled from the story.
Le Corbusier, born Charles-Edouard Jeanneret on the 6th of October 1887, was a French-Swiss architectural designer, painter, urban planner, and writer. He was one of the pioneers of modern architecture and designed buildings in Europe, Japan, India, and the Americas over a five-decade career.
Le Corbusier was born in La Chaux-de-Fonds, a city in the Neuchatel canton in the Romandie region of Switzerland, located 5 km across the border from France at the heart of the Watch Valley. His father enameled boxes and watches and his mother taught piano.
Le Corbusier's five points, published in 1927 with Pierre Jeanneret, are the pilotis raising the building on concrete pylons, the roof terrace, the free plan using columns instead of load-bearing walls, the ribbon window running the length of the house, and the free facade. They are most dramatically realized in the Villa Savoye, built between 1928 and 1931.
Le Corbusier prepared the master plan for Chandigarh, the capital of Punjab and Haryana, after Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru invited him in 1950. He designed government buildings including the High Court of Justice, finished in 1956, and the Palace of Assembly, built between 1952 and 1961, using raw concrete and his open hand symbol.
Le Corbusier remains controversial because some of his urban planning ideas have been criticized for indifference to pre-existing cultural sites and to societal equality. He also faced continuing contention over alleged ties to fascism, antisemitism, eugenics, and the dictator Benito Mussolini, and he briefly served as a technical adviser at Alexis Carrel's eugenics foundation.
Le Corbusier died of a heart attack at age 77 in 1965 after swimming on the French Riviera. In 2016, seventeen of his projects across seven countries were inscribed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites.