Short answers, pulled from the story.
Charles-Édouard Jeanneret was born on the 6th of October 1887 in La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland. He grew up in a city in the Jura Mountains where the watchmaking industry ruled the economy and his father was an artisan who enameled boxes and watches.
Le Corbusier adopted the pseudonym Le Corbusier derived from his maternal grandfather's surname Lecorbésier. This name change signaled a reinvention of self that would define his career as an architect.
Le Corbusier published the book Towards an Architecture in 1923. In this work he famously declared that a house is a machine to live in and stated that styles were a lie.
Le Corbusier built the chapel of Notre-Dame-du-Haut at Ronchamp between 1950 and 1955. The structure features a plain box of concrete with light coming through a single square in the roof and six small bands on the sides.
Le Corbusier died of a heart attack on the 27th of August 1965 after swimming on the French Riviera. He was 77 years old at the time of his death.