Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Duenos inscription dates to the 6th century BC and shows the earliest known form of the Old Latin alphabet. This artifact reveals how early Romans adapted symbols from neighboring cultures.
Classical Latin contained exactly twenty-one letters plus two foreign additions for Greek loanwords. Emperor Claudius tried introducing three new letters during his reign, but those changes did not last.
The invention of the printing press occurred in 1450 and did not immediately stop regional variations. Styles changed dramatically even after Gutenberg established movable type in Mainz.
Over three thousand languages now use the Latin alphabet according to recent mapping data. This represents approximately seventy percent of the global population speaking one of these tongues.
Romans wrote G as a variant of C until the third century BC when they split the sound. Interpuncts shaped like commas divided words on stone surfaces before falling out of use after 200 AD.