Short answers, pulled from the story.
Arthur Evans proposed that the ancient term labyrinthos derived from the Lydian word labrys, which means the double-bladed axe. This linguistic connection emerged from excavations at Knossos in the early 20th century where he discovered the double axe motif carved into palace walls.
King Minos of Crete commissioned the mythological artificer Daedalus to build the Labyrinth. The structure was designed to hold the Minotaur, a creature with the head of a bull and the body of a man born from Queen Pasiphaë and a sacred bull.
Flinders Petrie discovered the Egyptian labyrinth at Hawara in the Faiyum Oasis during the 19th century. This complex of funerary temples was built during the reign of Pharaoh Amenemhat III who ruled from approximately 1860 BC to 1814 BC.
Grand pavement labyrinths were installed in Gothic cathedrals such as Chartres, Reims, and Amiens in northern France between the twelfth and fourteenth centuries. The most famous of these is the Chartres pattern which appears in manuscripts as early as the 9th century.
The Stone labyrinths of Bolshoi Zayatsky Island contain a group of some 13 labyrinths on a 0.4 square kilometer area. Local archaeologists speculate these structures may be 2,000 to 3,000 years old though many researchers remain skeptical.
There are approximately 6,000 labyrinths registered with the Worldwide Labyrinth Locator starting in the late 20th century. These structures are found in private properties, libraries, schools, gardens, and recreational areas as well as famous temples and cathedrals.